23feb26 - cab service project -data modeling project

 

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The Full Data Modeling Implementation Steps

Phase	Description & Methodology	Primary Tools
Phase 1: Discovery	Ask the 10-Section Questions and the Technical/Process questions above to create a Data Requirements Document.	Excel, Word
Phase 2: Conceptual	Visual Storytelling. Identifying core "Subject Areas" and business entities. Focus on business logic over technicalities.	PowerPoint, Miro
Phase 3: Logical	Data Integrity. Defining attributes, 3rd Normal Form (3NF), and Primary/Foreign Key relationships.	ERwin, PowerDesigner
Phase 4: Physical	Performance Optimization. Defining exact Data Types, Indexing, and Partitioning strategies for the specific DB engine.	pgAdmin, DBeaver
Phase 5: Deployment	Production. Generating SQL DDL scripts and deploying via CI/CD pipelines with Version Control.	GitHub, Jenkins

 You are absolutely right. For a massive enterprise project like a global Cab Service, 3 sections barely scratch the surface. A production-grade system requires a modular architecture to handle everything from legal compliance to real-time tracking.

Here are 10 essential sections for a Cab Service data model, structured with primary requirements and their technical deep-dives.

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1. Fleet & Vehicle Inventory

• How do we categorize and track the physical assets?

  • Do we need a Vehicle_Type table to manage different tiers (Economy, Business, XL, Electric) and their specific base rates?

  • How do we store "Active Documents" like Insurance, Pollution Certificates, and Permits to ensure a car isn't dispatched illegally?

  • Do we need to track "Amenities" (e.g., Child Seat, Wi-Fi, AC status) for specific filtering?

2. Driver Management & Compliance

• Who is operating the vehicles?

  • How do we model the Driver_Status (Online, On-Trip, On-Break, Suspended)?

  • Do we need to store background check results and "License Expiry" dates for automated lockout logic?

  • How do we handle "Driver-Vehicle Mapping"—can one driver use multiple cars, or can one car be shared by multiple drivers across shifts?

3. Geography & Geo-Fencing

• Where does the service operate?

  • Are we using a Zones table (Polygon-based mapping) to define service boundaries and city-specific regulations?

  • How do we store "High-Demand Hotspots" for heat-map visualization in the driver app?

  • Do we need to store Station or Airport IDs to apply specific pickup/drop-off surcharges?

4. Real-Time Telemetry & Tracking

• How is the live movement captured?

  • Do we need a GPS_Logs table (Time-series data) to store coordinates every 5 seconds for safety and route playback?

  • How do we calculate "Estimated Time of Arrival" (ETA) based on historical traffic data stored in the model?

  • Do we store "Direction" (Heading) to show which way the car is facing on the user's map?

5. Trip Lifecycle & State Machine

• What happens from the moment a button is pressed?

  • What are the exact statuses in our state machine (e.g., Searching, Accepted, Arrived, Started, Completed, Cancelled)?

  • How do we store "Cancellation Reasons" for both riders and drivers to feed into a fraud-detection model?

  • Do we need a Trip_Events table to timestamp every state change for auditing?

6. Pricing & Surge Algorithms

• How is the money calculated?

  • Does the model support "Dynamic Pricing" based on the ratio of Available_Drivers to Active_Requests in a specific Zone?

  • How do we store "Wait-Time" fees—does the clock start automatically 2 minutes after the driver arrives?

  • Are "Tolls" and "Parking Fees" added manually by the driver or calculated via API and stored in a Fare_Breakdown table?

7. User & Rider Profiles

• Who are the customers?

  • Do we support "Corporate Accounts" where multiple employees book under one company billing profile?

  • How do we store "Favorite Locations" (Home, Work, Gym) to minimize user input?

  • Do we need a Rider_Tier (Gold, Silver) based on ride frequency for loyalty discounts?

8. Payment & Wallet System

• How does the money flow?

  • Does the system support a "Pre-paid Wallet" balance, or is it strictly "Post-paid" via Credit Card/Cash?

  • How do we handle "Partial Payments" (e.g., $5 from Wallet and $10 from Credit Card)?

  • How do we store "Payouts" to drivers—calculating the company commission vs. the driver's earnings?

9. Rating & Feedback System

• How is quality maintained?

  • Do we need a two-way rating system (Rider rates Driver AND Driver rates Rider)?

  • How do we store specific "Review Tags" (e.g., Professionalism, Cleanliness, Safe Driving) for targeted improvements?

  • Do low ratings trigger an automatic "Flag" in a Support_Tickets table for manual review?

10. Support & Safety

• What happens when things go wrong?

  • Do we need an Emergency_Contacts table for every rider that is notified if an "SOS" button is pressed?

  • How do we link Support_Conversations (Chat/Call logs) directly to a specific Trip_ID?

  • Do we store "Lost and Found" items as a separate entity linked to the vehicle and the trip?

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Implementation Workflow for these 10 Sections

1. Requirement Gathering: Use the questions above to fill an Excel/Requirement Sheet.

2. Conceptual Design: Use Miro/PowerPoint to draw the high-level connections between these 10 modules.

3. Logical Design: Use ERwin to create a detailed diagram showing how "Pricing" interacts with "Geography" and "Trip Lifecycle."

4. Physical Design: Generate the SQL DDL scripts to create the 40-50 tables required to support all 10 sections.

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Gemini said

To implement a high-scale system like a Cab Service, you need to map each of the 10 Business Sections through the 4 Standard Data Modeling Steps.

Here is how you transform those 10 modules into a production database.

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Step 1: Requirement Analysis (Discovery Phase)

Task: Convert the 10 sections into a Functional Specification.

• The Workflow: For each section (e.g., Pricing & Surge), you define the "Business Rules."

• Action: If the client says "We need surge pricing," you document that the database must store Surge_Multiplier and Zone_ID as mandatory fields.

• Deliverable: A Data Requirement Matrix in Excel.

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Step 2: Conceptual Data Modeling (CDM)

Task: Create high-level "Subject Areas" to show how the 10 sections talk to each other.

• The Workflow: You use Miro or PowerPoint to draw the major entities.

• Example Mapping:

  • Fleet connects to Driver (Who is driving what?).

  • Trip Lifecycle connects to Geography (Where is the trip happening?).

  • Payment connects to Trip (How much was the ride?).

• Deliverable: A "Box and Arrow" diagram for executive approval.

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Step 3: Logical Data Modeling (LDM)

Task: Apply database rules and Normalization to the 10 sections.

• The Workflow: Use ERwin or PowerDesigner to define Primary Keys (PK) and Foreign Keys (FK).

• Detailed Step for the 10 Sections:

  • Fleet (Section 1): Create Vehicle_Type and Active_Documents tables. Link Vehicle_ID to the Driver.

  • Telemetry (Section 4): Design the GPS_Logs table. Use a Composite Key of Trip_ID + Timestamp.

  • Payment (Section 8): Apply 3rd Normal Form (3NF). Separate Payment_Methods from Transaction_History to allow for "Partial Payments."

• Deliverable: A fully attributed ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram).

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Step 4: Physical Data Modeling (PDM)

Task: Optimize for performance and Target Database Technology questions.

• The Workflow: Define exact data types and indexing strategies for the specific DB (PostgreSQL, SQL Server, etc.).

• Detailed Step for the 10 Sections:

  • Geography (Section 3): Use Spatial Data Types (e.g., GEOGRAPHY or POSTGIS geometry) for the Zones table.

  • Trip Lifecycle (Section 5): Use an ENUM for Trip_Status and add an Index on Created_At for fast history lookups.

  • Support & Safety (Section 10): Set up Partitioning for Support_Conversations so the table doesn't slow down after millions of chats.

• Deliverable: SQL DDL scripts (CREATE TABLE statements).

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The "10-Section" Table Roadmap

Section	Key Table to Create	Primary Relationship
1. Fleet	Vehicles, Vehicle_Docs	Linked to Drivers
2. Driver	Drivers, Background_Checks	Linked to Users
3. Geography	Zones, Surcharge_Regions	Linked to Trips
4. Telemetry	GPS_Logs, Heading_History	Linked to Trips
5. Trip Lifecycle	Trips, Trip_Status_Logs	Central Hub
6. Pricing	Fare_Rules, Surge_History	Linked to Zones
7. Users	Riders, Favorite_Locations	Linked to Trips
8. Payment	Wallet, Transactions	Linked to Trips
9. Rating	Reviews, Rating_Tags	Linked to Trips
10. Safety	SOS_Alerts, Lost_Found	Linked to Trips